Agricultural Science | J S S 1 | First Term | Week: 2 | Importance and Forms of Agriculture
Subject: Agricultural Science
Class: JSS 1
Term: First Term
Week: 2
Topic: Importance and Forms of Agriculture
Content:
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Importance of Agriculture to:
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the Individual
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the Society
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the Nation
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Types of Agriculture based on Levels:
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Subsistence Agriculture
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Commercial Agriculture
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Lesson Objectives:
By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
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Define agriculture.
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State the importance of agriculture to the individual, society, and nation.
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Identify and differentiate between subsistence and commercial agriculture.
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Give examples of agricultural activities under both types.
Instructional Materials:
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Pictures or charts showing various agricultural activities
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Samples of farm produce (if available)
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Flash cards or whiteboard notes
Lesson Introduction (Step 1):
Begin with questions:
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What do you understand by the term agriculture?
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Have you seen or been to a farm before?
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Do you know where your food comes from?
Explanation:
Agriculture is the art and science of cultivating the land, growing crops, and rearing animals for food and other human needs.
Step 2: Importance of Agriculture
(a) To the Individual:
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Provides food for nourishment (e.g. rice, yam, meat, etc.)
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Provides employment (as farmers, butchers, food sellers, etc.)
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Source of income (farmers sell crops and livestock to make money)
(b) To the Society:
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Reduces crime and idleness through job creation
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Promotes rural development and food markets
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Enhances trade and unity among communities
(c) To the Nation:
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Increases the country’s GDP (gross domestic product)
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Reduces dependence on imported food
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Provides raw materials for industries (e.g. cotton for textile, oil palm for soap, etc.)
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Generates foreign exchange through export of agricultural produce
Step 3: Forms of Agriculture Based on Levels
(i) Subsistence Agriculture
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Farming done mainly to feed the farmer and his family
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Involves use of simple tools
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Done on a small piece of land
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Little or no surplus for sale
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Common in villages and among poor households
Examples:
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A farmer growing cassava and maize for his household
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A family rearing chickens to eat
(ii) Commercial Agriculture
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Farming done to produce crops and animals in large quantity for sale
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Involves use of modern machines and technologies
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Done on large scale and land
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Main aim is profit
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Often supported by the government or private investors
Examples:
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Large rice farms in Kebbi State
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Poultry farms that supply eggs to markets and supermarkets
Student Activities:
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Mention crops and animals raised around their community.
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Differentiate between what is grown for family use and what is sold.
Lesson Summary:
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Agriculture is important because it provides food, employment, income, raw materials, and national development.
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Two main types of agriculture based on scale are subsistence agriculture and commercial agriculture.
Evaluation/Assessment Questions:
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Define agriculture.
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Mention three ways agriculture is important to the society.
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What is subsistence agriculture?
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State two differences between subsistence and commercial agriculture.
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Give two examples of agricultural activities in your locality.
Take-Home Assignment:
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Interview a local farmer and write a short report (5 sentences) on what they grow or rear.
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Make a drawing showing a simple farm scene with either crops or animals.
J S S 3 AGRIC E-NOTE
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE LESSON NOTES WEEK 8: Forest J S 2 3RD TERM
