Agricultural Science | J S S 1 | First Term | Week: 2 | Importance and Forms of Agriculture

Agricultural Science | J S S 1 | First Term | Week: 2 | Importance and Forms of Agriculture


Subject: Agricultural Science

Class: JSS 1

Term: First Term

Week: 2

Topic: Importance and Forms of Agriculture

Content:

  • Importance of Agriculture to:

    • the Individual

    • the Society

    • the Nation

  • Types of Agriculture based on Levels:

    • Subsistence Agriculture

    • Commercial Agriculture


Lesson Objectives:

By the end of this lesson, students should be able to:

  1. Define agriculture.

  2. State the importance of agriculture to the individual, society, and nation.

  3. Identify and differentiate between subsistence and commercial agriculture.

  4. Give examples of agricultural activities under both types.


Instructional Materials:

  • Pictures or charts showing various agricultural activities

  • Samples of farm produce (if available)

  • Flash cards or whiteboard notes


Lesson Introduction (Step 1):

Begin with questions:

  • What do you understand by the term agriculture?

  • Have you seen or been to a farm before?

  • Do you know where your food comes from?

Explanation:
Agriculture is the art and science of cultivating the land, growing crops, and rearing animals for food and other human needs.


Step 2: Importance of Agriculture

(a) To the Individual:

  • Provides food for nourishment (e.g. rice, yam, meat, etc.)

  • Provides employment (as farmers, butchers, food sellers, etc.)

  • Source of income (farmers sell crops and livestock to make money)

(b) To the Society:

  • Reduces crime and idleness through job creation

  • Promotes rural development and food markets

  • Enhances trade and unity among communities

(c) To the Nation:

  • Increases the country’s GDP (gross domestic product)

  • Reduces dependence on imported food

  • Provides raw materials for industries (e.g. cotton for textile, oil palm for soap, etc.)

  • Generates foreign exchange through export of agricultural produce


Step 3: Forms of Agriculture Based on Levels

(i) Subsistence Agriculture

  • Farming done mainly to feed the farmer and his family

  • Involves use of simple tools

  • Done on a small piece of land

  • Little or no surplus for sale

  • Common in villages and among poor households

Examples:

  • A farmer growing cassava and maize for his household

  • A family rearing chickens to eat

(ii) Commercial Agriculture

  • Farming done to produce crops and animals in large quantity for sale

  • Involves use of modern machines and technologies

  • Done on large scale and land

  • Main aim is profit

  • Often supported by the government or private investors

Examples:

  • Large rice farms in Kebbi State

  • Poultry farms that supply eggs to markets and supermarkets


Student Activities:

  • Mention crops and animals raised around their community.

  • Differentiate between what is grown for family use and what is sold.


Lesson Summary:

  • Agriculture is important because it provides food, employment, income, raw materials, and national development.

  • Two main types of agriculture based on scale are subsistence agriculture and commercial agriculture.


Evaluation/Assessment Questions:

  1. Define agriculture.

  2. Mention three ways agriculture is important to the society.

  3. What is subsistence agriculture?

  4. State two differences between subsistence and commercial agriculture.

  5. Give two examples of agricultural activities in your locality.


Take-Home Assignment:

  1. Interview a local farmer and write a short report (5 sentences) on what they grow or rear.

  2. Make a drawing showing a simple farm scene with either crops or animals.

J S S 3 AGRIC E-NOTE 

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE LESSON NOTES WEEK 8: Forest J S 2 3RD TERM 

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