BASIC SCIENCE J S2 |COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES | WEEK 5

Lesson Plan: Compounds and Mixtures

Duration: 60 minutes

OBJECTIVES:

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

Explain the meaning of compounds and mixtures.
Add substances together to form mixtures and compounds.
Provide real-life applications of mixtures and compounds.
Explain and demonstrate various mixture separation techniques.

BASIC SCIENCE J S2 |COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES | WEEK 5

Materials:

Beakers

Water

Sand

Salt

Iron filings

Sulfur

Filter paper

Magnet

Heat source (Bunsen burner)

Stirring rods

Test tubes

INTRODUCTION

Strategies to Engage Students:

Begin with a question: “What do you think happens when we mix different substances together?”

Discuss everyday examples (e.g., mixing sugar in tea, salt in water).

Define Key Terms:

Mixtures: A combination of two or more substances where each retains its properties (e.g., sand and iron filings).

Compounds: A substance formed when two or more elements chemically combine in fixed proportions (e.g., water, H₂O).

Activity 1:

Forming Mixtures and Compounds

Demonstration:

Mix sand and iron filings to create a mixture. Highlight that each substance keeps its properties.

Heat iron filings and sulfur together to form iron sulfide (FeS), a compound.

Discuss how the properties of iron and sulfur change after forming the compound.

Student Activity:

Provide students with materials to create their mixtures (e.g., salt and water, sand and water).

Guide them to observe and record whether the substances change or retain their properties.

Activity 2:

Life Applications (10 minutes):

Discussion:

Ask students to think of real-life examples of mixtures and compounds (e.g., the air we breathe as a mixture, water as a compound).

Discuss the importance of understanding mixtures and compounds in daily life, such as cooking, water purification, and medicine formulation.

Activity 3:

Separation Techniques (15 minutes):

Introduction:

Explain that mixtures can be separated by physical methods because the components retain their properties, while compounds require chemical reactions to separate into elements.

Demonstration and Student Practice:

Filtration: Separate sand from water.

Evaporation: Separate salt from saltwater solution.

Magnetic Separation: Use a magnet to separate iron filings from sand.

Distillation (if feasible): Demonstrate separating a mixture of alcohol and water.

Conclusion (5 minutes):

Review:

Recap the definitions, examples, and activities.

Reinforce the significance of understanding mixtures and compounds in everyday life.

ASSESSMENT:

Ask students to explain how they would separate a given mixture or describe the difference between a mixture and a compound.

HOMEWORK:

Assign students to find and describe one mixture and one compound they encounter at home. They should explain how they identified each.

This lesson plan provides a hands-on approach to understanding the concepts of mixtures and compounds, along with practical applications and techniques for separation.