J.S.S 2 BASIC TECH FRICTION TYPES OF FRICTION

LESSON PLAN

WEEK 5

DATE: 26th – 30th May, 2025

CLASS: J.S.S 2

SUBJECT: BASIC TECHNOLOGY

TITLE:  FRICTION

SUB TITLE: TYPES OF FRICTION, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES, REDUCTION OF FRICTION

PERIOD: DOUBLE

DURATION: 80 MINS

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of this lesson learners will be able to:

• Define friction and state the causes of friction
• State the type of frictions and states the application of friction
• Differentiate the advantages and disadvantages of friction
• Define lubrication and mention types of lubricants

KEY VOCABULARY WORDS: Force, Motion, Surface, Efficiency, Lubricants.

RESOURCES AND MATERIALS: Pictures or Video clips showing the application of friction. NERDC Basic Technology for junior secondary school 2

BUILDING BACKGROUND/ CONNECTION TO PRIOR KNOWLEDGE: The students are familiar with applications of friction such as grinding, writing with pen and pencil, etc.

CONTENT:

Friction is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact.

Law of friction states that: The rougher the surfaces rubbing against each other, the more the friction, and the smoother the surfaces, the less the friction.

Advantages of friction

1. Friction enable us to walk without falling.
2. Friction makes the brake of a motor car work.
3. Friction enables us to grind.
4. Friction helps object to be stable by preventing them from sliding off surfaces.
5. Friction between the pen or pencil and paper allows to write or draw effectively.
6. It also supports mechanical function such as clutches, belt etc. to transmit motion

DISADVANTAGES OF FRICTION

1. It reduces the efficiency of machine.
2. It causes wear and tear.
3. It opposes motion.
4. It causes heat and noise.
5. Causes power and waste energy.

Application of friction

1. Sharpening of knife, pencil etc
2. Riding of bicycle
3. Striking of matches

How to reduce friction

1. Lubrication
2. Polishing
3. Use of belt drives and pulley

LUBRICATION: Lubrication is the process of applying a substance called lubricant between two surface in motion to reduce friction, wear and heat. It ensures smooth operationof mechanical systems by minimizing direct metal to metal contact.

Types of Lubricants

1. Liquid Lubricant: this includes engine oil, mineral oil, vegetable oil etc.
2. Semi Liquid Lubricant: this includes Greases and thickened oil
3. Solid Lubricant: this is used in extreme conditions and common types include graphite, molybdenum disulfide (Mos₂) etc.
4. Gas Lubricant: this uses air or other gases instead of liquid or solid.

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STRATEGIES AND ACTIVITIES:

1. Critical thinking and problem solving.
2. Collaboration and communication method is adopted

Activity I:  Teacher revises previous lesson and Teacher explains key vocabulary words

Activity II:  Teacher defines friction and explains the laws of friction

Activity III: Students state the advantages and disadvantages of friction

Activity IV: Teacher explains the application of friction

Activity V: Teachers also explains ways of reducing friction, lubricants and types of lubricants

WRAP UP & ASSESSMENT: in order to determine the level of understanding the topic by the learners, the teacher asks the following questions;

• Highlight ways of reducing friction
• Enumerate 4 advantages and disadvantages of friction

ASSIGNMENT:

• Mention 2 application of friction
• Define Lubricants and mention the types of lubricants

HOD/VP’S COMMENTS AND ENDORSEMENT: