JETS Focus Topics in Basic Science (Junior Secondary)
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- Living Things and Their Environment
- Characteristics of living things
- Classification of living things (plants and animals)
- Habitats and adaptation
- Food chains and food webs
- Human Biology and Health
- Human body systems (digestive, respiratory, circulatory)
- Reproduction in humans
- Balanced diet and nutrition
- Common diseases and prevention (malaria, cholera, etc.)
- Chemistry Basics
- States of matter
- Acids, bases, and salts
- Physical and chemical changes
- Mixtures and separation techniques
- Physics and Energy
- Forms and sources of energy
- Light, sound, and heat energy
- Forces and motion
- Simple machines
- Earth and Space Science
- Solar system and planets
- Rotation and revolution of the earth
- Weather, climate, and seasons
- Rocks and types of soil
- Technology and Science in Everyday Life
- Safety in science and technology
- Waste disposal and sanitation
- Renewable and non-renewable energy
- Drug abuse and prevention
Basic Science Handout: “Forms of Energy” (Sample for Teaching)
Topic: Forms of Energy
Objectives:
- Define energy and its importance
- List and describe various forms of energy
- Explain uses and sources of each energy form
Topic: Forms of Energy
Objectives:
– Define energy and its importance
– List and describe various forms of energy
– Explain uses and sources of each energy form
What is Energy?
Energy is the ability to do work or cause change. Everything we do—walking, reading, even thinking—requires energy.
Forms of Energy
| Form of Energy | Description | Examples |
| Kinetic Energy | Energy of a moving object | A rolling ball, moving car |
| Potential Energy | Stored energy due to position or shape | Water behind a dam, stretched bow |
| Heat Energy | Comes from hot objects | Fire, sun |
| Light Energy | Enables us to see | Sunlight, bulbs |
| Sound Energy | Produced by vibrating objects | Speaking, music, drums |
| Chemical Energy | Stored in food and fuels | Batteries, food, fuel |
| Electrical Energy | Comes from electric current | Used to power devices |
| Nuclear Energy | Comes from splitting atoms | Nuclear power plants |
Sources of Energy
– Sun: Main source of light and heat
– Food: Chemical energy for humans
– Fuels (coal, gas): For machines and cooking
– Water and Wind: Renewable energy sources
Quick Questions / Exercises:
1. What is the difference between kinetic and potential energy?
2. List four forms of energy and give one use for each.
3. What is the main source of energy on earth?
4. Match the following:
a) Kinetic Energy – i) Fire
b) Heat Energy – ii) Sunlight
c) Light Energy – iii) Moving Car
d) Chemical Energy – iv) Food
